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2015年10月15日 (木)

Japanese is one of the easiest langages in the world

Japanese langage appears to be difficult for foreign people at a first glance. But the difficulties to study Japanese are mostly due to contaminations of old chinese. I believe pure Japanese is one of the easiest langages in the world.

 The vocalism of Japanese consists basically of the combinations of only 5 vowels (a i u e o) and 9 consonants (k s t n h m y r w). One consonant + one vowel = one syllable = one letter (we called our letters as hirakana and katakana) except n or nn. Therefore, knife is described as naihu in Japanese, because h without accompanying a vowel cannot be present in Japanese, so Japanese add u after f. It may be curious for foreign people and this is one of the reasons why Japanese are poor to speak English.

 Japanese verbs have only a few variations like English. This is a great merit to study a langage.

 Eat has 5 variations in English; eat, ate, eaten, eats, eating

 Taberu (=eat) has following variations:

 1 Tabe...nai (denial) do not taberu,

 2 Tabe...masu (polite usage, recommended to use usually)

 3 Tabe...ru (original form)

 4 Tabe...tara (assumption)  If you eat this, you will die = Kore o tabetara, anata wa sinu

 5 Tabe...ro (order) If you are not a soldier, it will be a rare case to use this form.

 6 Tabe...yo (Let's eat)

 7 Tabe...ta (past=ate, eaten, Japanese has no past perfect tense)

 8 Tabe...te (request, please eat)

 As you see, one may regard as taberu is generally used as one form (tabe) + suffix

 Another example: Nemuru (= sleep)

 1 Nemura...nai (denial)
2 Nemuri...masu (polite useage)
3 Nemuru...(original form)
4 Nemure...ba (assumption)
5 Nemure...(order)
6 Nemuro...(Let's sleep)
7 Nemutta...(past)
8 Nemutte...(request, please sleep)

 As you see, the variations of "nemuru = sleep" are strictly corelated with the 5 vowels (a i u e o). Therefore, Japanese verbs cannot make many variations. The number of the variations of nemuru are maximum in usual Japanese words.

 Those variations are formed orderly in most verbs. For examples:

 Aruku (= walk)
1 aruka...nai, 2 aruki...masu, 3 aruku, 4 aruke...ba, 5 aruke, 6 aruko, 7 aruita, 8 aruite

 Utau (= sing)
1 utawa...nai, 2 utai...masu, 3 utau, 4 utae...ba, 5 utae, 6 utao, 7 utatta, 8 utatte

 In addition to the variations of verbs formed orderly, Japanese nouns have no variations depend on the case, sex and number. It is one more simple structure of Japanese.

 Therefore, it is very easy to speak and write Japanese. However, it is difficult to read Japanese, because you see many imported words from old china in books or newspapers, and furthermore they are written in Kanji. Hirakana and Katakana are phonetic symbols, but Kanji is an ideogram. To study Kanji is very difficlt for even Japanese. The Kanji and imported chinese words expand the expression of Japanese veru much, but only 1000 years before most Japanese spoke Japanese without imported chinese words. Namely the pure Japanese was (and is) fine for daily life.

ひらがなあいうえおひょう

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